Innovación en las estrategias de intervención del Burnout en los profesionales de la salud: una revisión bibliográfica

Abstract

Objective: To identify existing intervention strategies to prevent or manage the effects of BS (Burnout Syndrome) at all levels in health personnel. Method: A scoping review study with bibliography was conducted between January 2011 and June 2021, in databases such as: Academic Google, Cochrane, e-Book, JTStor, SciencieDirect and ResearchGate. The search terms were: “burnout”, “burnout intervention strategies”, “burnout in health professionals”, “burnout intervention studies”, finding 14 articles that met the selection criteria; 2 systematic reviews and 12 investigations. Results: In the pre and post intervention studies, questionnaires such as: MBI (Maslach Burnout Inventory) and FFMQ (Mindfulness Questionnaire) were mainly applied, the results of which determined that the intervention strategies applied on BS based on: Mindfulness, generate a decrease in fatigue emotional levels and levels of guilt and indolence, increased self-compassion and mindfulness; contributing to the reduction of levels of depersonalization and personal fulfillment, main features of burnout. Group psychological intervention through cognitive- UNIVERSIDAD INTERNACIONAL SEK 3 behavioral techniques produce a significant improvement in anxiety, personal fulfillment and positive effects on emotional fatigue. Physical exercise applied in patients with BS significantly reduces its levels. Conclusion: The intervention strategies used are directly focused on the effects of burnout in the professional who suffers it, however, no intervention is observed at the organizational level. t would be important to study new preventive strategies aimed at organizational factors that directly influence the psychosocial factors that generate burnout.