Trastorno de estrés postraumático en trabajadores de la salud en el marco de la pandemia de COVID-19, revisión de alcance

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative impact on the well-being of people and society, leaving not only direct victims but also collateral victims due to the psychological impact it can have on people, and possibly even more so on health professionals, who are considered to be one of the most vulnerable groups as they face enormous stress factors within their daily practice during this pandemic, with a greater workload; they have had to adapt to multiple roles; they have had to decrease the time spent with significant others; and they have victims of emotional problems such as stress, guilt and fear of personal and family safety. Therefore, the objectives of this study are to demonstrate the prevalence of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder associated with the pandemic in healthcare professionals, and to identify the various proposals for interventions (both at the individual and institutional level). The methodology used is a scoping review based on the methodological guidelines of Arksey and O'Malley and the improvements made by de Levac et al.; 23 studies were analyzed, which propose the prevalence of PTSD in different countries and times of the pandemic, and coping strategies or psychosocial approach to this problem according to the reality of each country or city. This study found, that health workers during the COVID-19 pandemic have presented a high prevalence of PTSD and it is essential that organizations implement psychosocial approach programs early and permanently.