Evaluación de demandas, control, apoyo social y estrés laboral en los obreros de una empresa constructora del Distrito Metropolitano de Quito, periodo enero – junio 2021

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the demands, control, social support, and work stress in the working population of a construction company in the Metropolitan District of Quito. The problem identified expressed the existence of excessive labor pressure towards workers in the construction area in the company studied. The applied methodology is based on the application of two specific evaluation instruments: (1) ISTAS 21 Questionnaire and (2) the EEP Perceived Stress Scale; to a group of 180 workers from a construction company in the city of Quito. The main results of the first applied instrument show that there is a moderate level of demands that require the constant attention of the workers, as well as a moderate supervisory control of the activities they carry out. Regarding social support, it was observed that there is an average level of support among colleagues in the company studied. Other aspects expressed by the workers are; the feasibility of learning new aspects of construction, a high level of empowerment, a positive perception of the importance of their activities, knowledge of the tasks they perform. Likewise, with respect to the second instrument applied, a medium-high level of affectation is evident around the sense of stress and nervousness, and also with respect to the state of anger due to things that occurred outside of their control. Likewise, the other aspects evaluated in the aforementioned scale generally denote a medium level of stress. Consequently, based on the conclusions obtained, a preventive action plan has been proposed with specific goals and activities aimed at improving the processes of demands, control, social support and work stress of the company studied in the future.