Evaluación en ruta del consumo de combustible y emisiones contaminantes de un vehículo utilizando aire acondicionado en la ciudad de Quito

Abstract

In recent times, the increased consumption of petroleum fuels by the transportation sector has generated negative impacts on the ecosystem we live in. Nowadays, due to the consequences of climate change, temperatures are more intense, for this reason a better thermal comfort is required in the vehicle industry, therefore the air conditioning system is one of the most relevant auxiliary equipment of the vehicle, it creates a thermally comfortable environment by controlling the temperature of the air in the passenger compartment, but its use increases the energy consumption of the vehicle. The main objective of this paper was to evaluate the emissions of a vehicle with an ignition engine caused by the use of air conditioning, by means of on-road measurements for the quantification of emission factors in high altitude conditions. For this purpose, a Ford 3.7 V6 pickup truck was used incorporating a Nextech NGA 6000 gas analyzer machine and an ELM 325 to account for fuel consumption for the calculation of emission factors. The predetermined route is 5.7 km, as well as a top speed of 49 km/h. Twenty-four tests were performed overall and the data were processed by Statgraphics Centurion XVI software, performing response surface and main effects analysis. It is concluded that, for NOx, the perfect fuel combination is super gasoline without A/C and without traffic. In the case of CO with extra gasoline without A/C with traffic has better performance, finally, the optimal combination for HC is super gasoline with A/C and with traffic on the roads. In addition, when using both Super and Extra gasoline, the behavior of the hydrocarbon decreased considerably as the engine speed and octane rating of the fuel increased.