El estrés laboral en los profesionales de la salud en el contexto del COVID-19: una revisión sistemática exploratoria

Abstract

Objectives: To study the scientific evidence and assess the methods used in papers about stress at work in health professionals in the context of Covid-19. Method: This research was based on the systematic review method and involved the analysis of twenty-three scientific articles. A bibliographic search was carried out, selecting studies focused on factors and variables related to stress at work in health professionals. By using MedPub, IBECS, LILACS, and Google Scholar and search descriptors, the data were selected. The descriptors used in this literature review were stress at work, health professionals, health personnel and Covid-19. Results: 43% of the studies analyzed adopted a descriptive cross-sectional design. According to scientific evidence, among the factors related to stress at work stand out tension, anxiety, depression, fatigue and fear of infecting the family. The perception of high risk (22%), the perception of the family risk of being infected with Covid-19 (17.3%) and the female gender (17.3) were the main variables linked to stress at work. Conclusion: It is concluded there are important epistemological gaps due to the fact the connection between the female gender variables and high rates of stress at work have not been defined, nor has it been explained how marital status and family support influence the reduction of indices of stress at work. Most of the research in the Spanish language has been carried out in Spain, Ecuador, Peru, Colombia, Mexico and Chile.