Métodos y herramientas de evaluación de la marcha en adultos sanos.

Abstract

Gait analysis represents an essential tool in the biomechanical evaluation of movement, allowing to accurately quantify the different spatio-temporal parameters associated with movement, as there are different systems of analysis that vary in their precision, the objective is to compare different systems of analysis (MMC, IMU y WD) and providing evidence that facilitates the selection of these systems for future use in professional practice. The search strategy was based on the PRISMA 2020 methodology for systematic reviews, and the QUADAS-2 (Quality Assessment Aplicability for Diagnostic Accuracy Studies) tool for the evaluation of methodological quality and comparing Standard Deviation values to determine the accuracy of the systems. We included 5 studies with a total population of 127 participants between 20-71 years of age, healthy, without impairments or diseases that affect gait function, we included portable or accessible motion capture systems such as markerless motion capture systems, IMUs and wearables, and that are compared with systems considered "gold standard". The spatio-temporal variables that were evaluated demonstrated a low dispersion of data in MMC, IMU and wearable systems. Finally, it was concluded that these systems can be used in professional practice, taking into account that variables such as costs and accessibility must be considered, and specific protocols must be designed for the different pathologies, so as to ensure quality in clinical applicability.