Salud mental de los trabajadores del sector petrolero con jornadas extendidas y turnos rotativos: una revisión sistemática exploratoria

Abstract

In the oil industry and due to the working conditions, that its peculiar organizational and logistical characteristics imply, as well as the complexity of the tasks, the need arises to establish extended working hours to cover the demands of production and continuity of work. Workers in the oil sector must comply with special shifts that include lodging in remote camps and extended and rotating working hours, generally continuous shifts, rotating shifts, generally distributed in 14 days of work and 7 days off, approved by the Ecuadorian Ministry of Labor, these hours have been extended accordingly to the implementation of prevention protocols against covid-19. The relationship between the mental health of workers and the incidence of accidents and occupational diseases has been evidenced, as well as the relationship between long working hours and the increase in psychosocial risks, which raises the question: is there evidence about the state of mental health of workers in the oil sector with extended hours? Objective: To explore the scientific literature on the mental health of oil workers who perform continuous shifts and rotating shifts, through an exploratory bibliographic review, to know the state of the art. Methodology: An exploratory systematic review is carried out in order to qualitatively synthesize the bibliography based on articles published in the English, Portuguese and Spanish languages, which provide information about the mental health of workers with extended hours and rotating hours, produced during the last 15 years, the main databases consulted are: ILO, Lilacs, Scielo, Scopus, Pub Med, The PRISMA Extension for scope reviews (PRISMA-ScR) was applied to select the information included. Results: The information found in 18 articles was synthesized that shows the multiple psychosocial risk factors and how they influence mental health, with night shifts and family uprooting being the ones that have the greatest impact, it was also found that workers in this industry show better strategies for coping with stress and anxiety. On the other hand, tools are proposed to subjectively assess, but specify the mental health of workers in the hydrocarbon industry and its impact on work.