Posturas forzadas y sintomatología músculo esquelético en el personal Sanitario que laboran en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos con paciente SARS- Cov-2 en un Hospital Público de la Ciudad de Quevedo, periodo 2021

Abstract

Identify the level of ergonomic risk due to forced postures using the REBA method and analyze the musculoskeletal symptomatology, by applying the Nordic Kuorinka Questionnaire to health personnel who provide hospital care to patients with SARS-CoV-2, in a public Hospital. Method: A cross-sectional descriptive study could be carried out in 55 health professionals among: doctors, internists, postgraduates and specialists, nursing personnel, both assistants and graduates in: nursing, respiratory therapy and physical therapy, who work in the Intensive Care Unit of a public Hospital in Quevedo. For the job analysis, the ergonomic Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) method was applied, and to determine the presence of musculoskeletal symptoms, how they perceive these possible discomforts and how much it impacts on their life, the standardized Nordic Kuorinka questionnaire will be used. Through Google forms, individually. Results: They indicate that the health personnel, 95.56% reported having discomfort at some point in their working life, 40% of them in at least 4 segments, 88.9% in the neck, 84.4% back-lumbosacral, 61.1% in the shoulders, in less percentages segments such as elbows, hips, knees and ankles, 71.1% were women and 28.9% men, with an average age between 30 to 45 years. The intensity of discomfort on a scale of 1 to 5, with 5 being the most painful and 1 without pain, was rated as 3 with the highest frequency. Workers attribute these discomforts to stress, poor posture, persisting for so long on their feet and in a cold environment. During the work analysis using the REBA method, positions with a high risk level were located in the work performed by nurses (assistants, graduates) and doctors when carrying out the evolution and registration of clinical records in the As400 system, among the positions with We can point out greater involvement: spinal flexion between 20 and 60 ° with lateral inclinations, neck flexion> 20 °, arm flexion of 90 °, forearm flexion between 60 and 100 °, postures with clear findings of musculoskeletal symptoms. Conclusion: It was found that 4 out of 6 tasks analyzed in health personnel are performed in forced postures at a level of risk not tolerable. Evidencing musculoskeletal ailments with greater relevance in neck, back, wrists and foot-ankle. Future studies should deepen the analysis of psychosocial risk factors and thermal discomfort due to the prolonged use of personal protective suits. It is concluded that health personnel working in the ICU are exposed to musculoskeletal disorders, so preventive measures must be taken responding to the need for the role played by each health professional