Riesgos psicosociales laborales y rotación del personal en un hospital de Quito. ¿Un efecto de la pandemia?

Abstract

Introduction: The start of the COVID-19 pandemic, which was identified in the city of Wuhan in China, tested the health systems of several countries, including ours, causing hospital saturation and with it, an increase in work and psychological burden, causing long working hours and with it, physical and emotional stress. Objectives: To identify the levels of occupational psychosocial risks associated with the rotation of the personnel of an Ecuadorian hospital, through the application of the CoPsoQ-istas 21 battery, for the establishment of the pertinent preventive and corrective measures. Method: Nonexperimental, cross-sectional and inferential cohort study carried out during the month of October 2021 to January 2022 to the universe of collaborators of a hospital in Quito. Applying the psychosocial risk assessment questionnaire CoPsoQ-istas21 medium version, which was sent electronically in a form together with an informed consent to all participants. Being the study variables, occupational psychosocial risks and socio-occupational factors. The data was analyzed using Microsoft Excel and, for the association between the study variables, the chi square was applied. Results: There were 322 responses. Being the dimensions with the most unfavorable situations for health, pace of work (96.3%), role conflict (60.2%), insecurity about working conditions (58.7%), insecurity about employment (50, 6), emotional demands (49.7%) and quantitative demands (44.4%). Finding a significant association between staff turnover and 4 psychosocial dimensions. Only demands to hide emotions (psychosocial demands dimension) reported the most unfavorable situation for health in those who work fixed night shifts. Conclusions: The occupational psychosocial exhaustion exposed during the COVID 19 pandemic in the study population was confirmed, highlighting the need to generate timely interventions to care for the physical, mental and emotional well-being of professionals, which will be focused on the evaluation and adequacy of the amount, responsibility, schedule and rest of work.