Estrategias de producción más limpia para un camal municipal de la sierra centro del Ecuador

Abstract

The main objective of this research work was to propose cleaner production strategies in a municipal slaughterhouse in the central highlands of Ecuador, for which it was necessary to make a diagnosis of the activities carried out, identify the critical processes, that is, those activities that are carried out poorly and that generate liquid and solid waste, cleaner production strategies were subsequently proposed. From the results obtained, it was identified that the most critical processes were: slaughtering and bleeding, scalding, shaving and scorching, cutting and washing the carcass and washing the viscera. In these processes, excessive water consumption was evidenced with an amount of 30.85 m3 / month, 57.60 kWh / month of electrical energy and 150 kg / month of LPG consumption, this generated 1.56 m3 of liquid waste / day and 54.6 kg of solid waste / day. The proposed strategies such as pressure hoses, torches with adjustable valve, led reflectors, will allow a water saving of 64%, a 41% saving in gas consumption and a 100% saving in electricity consumption. In addition, with the implementation of a wastewater treatment, the production of waste will be reduced from 1.56 m3 / day to 0.44 m3 / day (72%), and the rest of liquid waste will be treated in its entirety, finally, 100% of solid waste will be treated through the implementation of a composting system. The implementation of these cleaner production strategies is appropriate for the establishment, since it will generate environmental, economic and social benefits.