Evaluación del uso de aire acondicionado Automotriz en el rendimiento mecánico y emisiones contaminantes en la región Sierra del Ecuador

Abstract

The accelerated and constant development of societies demand an intensive use of motor transport, which generates a number of environmental problems; Every day vehicles are equipped with systems that provide greater active and passive safety to the driver as well as comfort. One of the current requirements is the use of air-conditioning to maintain a pleasant interior thermal sensation for passengers, however, this causes an increase in fuel consumption and availability of mechanical power for its operation. For this reason, the present work had as general objective: To evaluate the use of the air conditioning system in vehicles powered with a low and high cylinder Otto cycle engine by means of protocols and measurement equipment for the analysis of mechanical performance and emissions of exhaust gases. For the study, 2 vehicles of the most used nationally in their categories (KIA SOLUTO and FORD F-150) were used, which were experimented with and without air-conditioning to evaluate Power and Torque by means of a chassis dynamometer. and static emissions by means of a gas analyzer and the use of the NTE 2203-2000 standard, 3 replications were made for each combination and the data was processed by the statistical program Statgraphics Centurion XVI, performing an analysis of variance (ANOVA) For the different treatments (combinations) of Torque and Power, in the case of polluting emissions, an analysis is performed by response surface. It is concluded that when using the airconditioning the Power values decrease: KIA 6 % and FORD 5 % and Torque for: KIA 4 % and FORD 5 %. In the case of CO and CO2, the highest values are produced for the highest revolutions in the opposite case for O2.