Análisis multicriterio del ingreso de generación distribuida fotovoltaica en las redes de distribución de la Empresa Eléctrica Quito

Abstract

Photovoltaic Distributed Generation (PVDG) is becoming popular around the world and Quito joins this trend with an electrical system that incorporates new energy models that are evolving towards dynamic flows, distributed energy resources and automation. The objective of this work is to carry out a multicriteria analysis (technical, economic-financial and legal) of the entry of the PVDG to the distribution networks of the Quito Electric Company (EEQ) as an efficient alternative for electricity production to supply demand growth and maintain quality indices. The analysis of the power flow with the CYME 7.2 software package CYMDIST portrays the best input locations evaluating the behavior of the voltage levels at nodes and loads on the conductors. A heuristic optimization method sizes the required energy that is checked by the software in a medium-term horizon. Global Solar Atlas determines the potential of the resource and ArcGIS identifies, with network and map overlays, the site locations. The study captures the behavior of the distribution networks in the year 2025 and the data obtained are inputs for the analysis of prosumers integration and the proposition of two scenarios (relief and solution) of technical problems. The results serve as a reference for planning agencies to define the legal framework to attract investments that will supply future consumptions. Employing good integration practices demonstrates the viability of building a system with great penetration. Large-scale relief scenarios and prosumers, who will have their bills cut by 50 % with a 20-year contract, achieve savings for the electricity sector. An average solar potential of 1600 kWh / kWp in the Metropolitan District of Quito makes attractive the participation in this market.