Evaluación de los factores de riesgo psicosocial en el personal sanitario de una clínica, de la ciudad Quito

Abstract

A B S T R A C T The purpose of the research project was to analyze the psychosocial risk factors in the health personnel of a clinic in the city of Quito, for which a descriptive type of research was used, the information obtained and the results were obtained with the use of the FPSICO 4.0 questionnaire, which measures 9 psychosocial risk factors, the total participation of health workers was 167 participants, 64% of whom were women and 36% men. The results obtained are associated with psychological manifestations and the work environment, and were considered psychosocial risk factors of high risk to the dimensions work time, autonomy, workload, psychological demands, etc. The conclusions reached with this research project, is that all public and private institutions base their regulations on co-responsibility, prevention and promotion of sustainable and healthy lifestyles in the workplace, in order to achieve a complete holistic well-being in health personnel. Objectives General objectives : To analyze the psychosocial risk factors to which the healthcare personnel of a clinic are exposed, in the work environment, using the FPSICO 4.0 methodology endorsed by the INHC (National Institute for Safety and Health at Work). Specific objective: To identify the main risk factors that may be affecting the health personnel of a clinic, in the city of Quito, in order to make a comparison with recent studies that are associated with the present study. Method: Within the research project, the basis for data collection and analysis was through the international validation methodology FPSICO 4.0, this tool uses a computer system that through the entry of collected data analyzes and determines the main risk factors, considered a dimension of study of very high risks, with the results obtained will be correlated with research that its object of study is health personnel, in order to identify the various mechanisms of intervention. Results: The results obtained reflect that the health personnel have a tendency to aspects related to psychological demands, aspects related to the workload and rhythm of work, the lack of participation in information regarding changes or variations in tasks, the incorporation of personnel, and other aspects related to information about the entity in terms of market situation, changes in senior management, particularly in the work time factor, the health personnel do not have a balance between the work and family factor. Conclusion: Through the collection of the data obtained, it was identified that the factors considered very high is the psychological demands factor, workload, the relationship between these two factors supported in identifying the emotional wear that health personnel are going through by the context that is being experienced and especially by the health crisis, the emergence of a pandemic, which undoubtedly the exercise of their profession has been that this group of research, are the most exposed to contagion or other occupational hazards, When making an analysis of the literature and the triangulation of information obtained, it was considered that the psychosocial risk that is affecting health personnel is the fear and uncertainty of taking the virus home or infecting their families, the latter also shows that health workers including all those who directly or indirectly provide their services have a deficit in balancing their family and work life, this trend was based on the factor of work time and social support. The mission of the organizations is to seek that the personnel have a balance in the physical and emotional part, this will be achieved through the implementation of programs of promotion and prevention of occupational hazards, as established by national and international regulations. And finally the participation of the workers in what concerns the changes or restructuring of the areas to which it belongs, will be essential, who more than people who know and know how the service can generate ideas for change, for the benefit of workers and the organization, do not forget that the essence of a company is the participation of its employees, especially in the shared benefits that can generate the interaction between workers and organization.