Prevalencia de las alteraciones musculoesqueléticas y posturas forzadas en personal de enfermería pertenecientes al distrito de salud 18d04 de la provincia de Tungurahua

Abstract

Ergonomics is a science that guarantees the organization of work and its productivity. Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are a public health problem characterized by alterations in bodily functions. Its prevalence is especially high in nursing staff and health auxiliaries, constituting more than 50% of the staff in hospitals. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and forced postures in nursing staff belonging to the Health District 18D04 of the Province of Tungurahua, through the application of the "Nordic Questionnaire and the OWAS Method", for the prevention of diseases and improve their quality. of life. Method: A descriptive-cross-sectional analysis will be carried out, since the body areas where musculoskeletal signs are shown will be described and their interaction with the forced postures adopted will be analyzed. The analysis population will consist of 100 members between 35 and 60 years old. Results: The musculoskeletal symptomatology with the greatest discomfort was the thoracolumbar region, due to the position they adopt when carrying out activities with trunk flexion greater than 20°, their subsequent rotation and the added weight of the whole day and week, although the 1/3 of the staff have received treatment for all their complaints. Conclusions: These complications have been present for many years and the duration of each episode is from 1 to 24 hours with an intensity of 3/5, that is, bearable. These postures could trigger a possible disc herniation, back pain, acute and chronic low back pain, and long-term lumbosciatica.