Evaluación de los riesgos ergonómicos ligados a las lesiones musculoesqueléticas en la clasificación de granos secos

Abstract

Objectives: To know the evaluation of ergonomic risks linked to musculoskeletal injuries in the classification of dry grains. Method: Cross-sectional descriptive observational research. The investigated population was made up of 4 women, to whom a sociodemographic questionnaire and a Nordic Kourinka questionnaire were applied. For the postural load analysis, the RULA method (Rapid Upper Limb Assessment) and the OWAS method (Ovako Working Analysis System) were used. Ergonomic risk factors were independent variables, and musculoskeletal pain was the dependent variable. The statistical analysis of the variables was carried out through a database, using the Microsoft Excel Platform. Results: 50% of the population studied, manifests having discomfort in the neck, shoulders, lumbar region and wrist, which is directly related to the period of seniority at work. The evaluation of postural load, using OWAS, indicates that more than 70% of the positions analyzed have a low level of risk in the back in three workers and only one worker has a medium risk level in this same segment. In the RULA postural analysis, 100% of the workers maintain a medium and high risk level in the back. Conclusion: Work activities force the workers to adopt uncomfortable tilting postures of the trunk, which leads to muscle tension in the back, due to the demands of work, which means an imminent risk of acquiring a disease profesional