Conflicto empleo-familia y autopercepción de la salud desde una perspectiva de género

Abstract

The objective of this study is to analyze gender inequalities in the relationship between employment-family conflict (EFC) and health status in the working population of Quito and Guayaquil. This is a cross-sectional study of non-agricultural employees, aged 18 or older and covered by social security, who were interviewed between 2016- 2017 in the First Survey of Safety Conditions and Health at Work of Quito and Guayaquil (n = 1729). Poisson regression models with robust variance separated by sex were used to calculate adjusted prevalence ratios for six health indicators. In both sexes, EFC was associated with poor self-perceived health, poor mental health, and head or back pain or discomfort, although the magnitude of the association was greater in women. Furthermore, EFC was associated with digestive problems only in women (aPR=1.65; 95% CI: 1.17-2.34). In neither sex was there an association between EFC and occupational accidents. The results of this study show that EFC is associated with poor health conditions in the working population, particularly among women. Public policies and workplace interventions aimed at achieving a balance between employment and family life from a gender perspective could help reduce impairments to health and gender inequalities in health.