Evaluación de uniones soldadas de asientos de pasajeros de autobuses interprovinciales y de conformidad de la materia prima para la industria de autopartes nacional.

Abstract

The purpose of this project is to study the conformity of the raw material and welded joints of passenger seats of interprovincial buses in the national industry, by means of mechanical tests on metallic materials using probes that will be governed by national and international regulations for its manufacture and later be tested under INEN and ISO standards. 16 elements that form the interprovincial bus passenger seat structure were identified, these elements have 3 types of steels such as ASTM A36, ASTM A500 and carbon steels, which are governed by product standards such as INEN 2224, INEN 2215, INEN 2234, INEN 2222, INEN 2415 and INEN 2470 the restrictions that require the dimensional requirements that the raw material must meet. For the compliance of these 16 structural elements, Brinell hardness tests will be carried out under the NTE INEN ISO 6506-1 standard. For the study of welded joints, the base material or raw material, the process by which the welding is going to be carried out, the welding contribution material, the qualification record of the person who is going to perform the welding is required Welding process (WPQ), welding positions and types of welding joints, with the aforementioned it was sought that probes manufactured for mechanical tests achieve and receive the validation process of welded joints. Within the manufacture of the probes, references are obtained to the AWS D 1.1, AWS D 1.3 standards, in the mechanical tests of the welded joints, the NTE INEN-ISO 6507-1 standards found to establish the Vickers hardness are used as reference, NTE INEN ISO 6892-1 that is analyzed for tensile tests and ISO 17639: 2003 detailing for the macroscopic examination of welded joints. The benefits of this research lie; in the validation of the raw material and welded joints of the seat structures, to confirm the safety and comfort of passengers, without neglecting the contribution to the auto parts industry in the manufacture of their products, thereby trying to compete with foreign markets and especially contribute studies to Ecuadorian regulations since there are no specific guidelines in the manufacture of bus transport seats.