Selección de materiales alternativos para el aislamiento de cajuela de vehículos mediante MCDM y simulación.

Abstract

Due to the high sun radiation that exists in our country because we are on the equatorial line, thermal insulation in vehicles helps to reduce heat conduction from the outside to the inside of the vehicle, having a cooler environment inside the trunk and reducing the use of air conditioning. This study establishes a series of criteria to select different types of insulating fibers of natural origin that satisfy not only thermal insulation but also environmental requirements. Taking into account that Ecuador is a country with a great diversity of vascular plant species, it starts with a previous study of the thermal properties of these natural fibers, to then investigate through analysis that allows to calculate the weights of the evaluation criteria and other MCDM methods for its solution, where at least ten types of fibers and five properties of each of these are analyzed, in such a way, to have some of the necessary characteristics among all the analyzed materials and make a comparison between their thermal properties that allow selecting the optimal material to be used as thermal insulation without requiring the operation of any vehicle system that increases consumption and cost, in addition, that is environmentally friendly and complies with the strict regulations imposed in the automotive sector so that more than 80% of the car is reusable. To corroborate that the selected material is the one with the best performance, a thermal simulation is carried out by means of a computer software that allows experimenting the working conditions of the chosen fiber.