Prevalencia de trastornos musculo esqueléticos por posturas forzadas en trabajadores que readecuaron sus puestos de trabajo en época de pandemia

Abstract

The objective of this work was to identify the musculoskeletal disorders of workers in the administrative area who readjusted their jobs and the level of ergonomic risk due to forced postures, through the Nordic questionnaire and the REBA evaluation method, to develop a program of preventive measures according to the results found. Material and Method: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study applied to workers in the administrative area of Quito, in a sample of 18 people, the material used will be the Nordic questionnaire and the software for the evaluation of forced postures. Results: 56% of workers who presented symptoms of musculoskeletal disorders are female, 44% were in age ranges from 36 to 40 years, 55% worked seniority between 6 to 8 years. The data regarding the symptomatology we have that the neck is a segment that increased by 83% in the last 7 days compared to the last year that indicates 72%, the same happens with the lower back that increased by 72% compared to the previous year. Last year with 55%. In addition, in the last 7 days we have that the right hand/wrist gives 55% compared to the last year with 11%. Conclusions: it was found that there is a prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in the neck, lower back and right hand/wrist segments, taking into account that it is the dominant side of the evaluated population. In addition, it has been possible to show that there is a statistical relationship in relation to musculoskeletal disorders with the sociodemographic variables of sex, age and seniority, since most of them are women over 36 years of age and who have been working in the same company for more than 6 years. Finally, the results indicated that when applying the REBA method, the exposed population presents a medium level of risk to three activities of the four evaluated, which are constantly carried out in a seated position. In addition to scheduling active breaks during their working day.